Cover subtitle: "L'esprit vit toujours". Text and commentary in English or French, with translation.

In 1869, the Mechif served notice to European intruders that they would not tolerate the invasion of their territory by having one of their members step on a surveyor's chain at Red River to prevent the Anglo-Canadian surveyors from taking over their territory. This gesture was the Mechif's assertion of their native rights to the land as embodied in the Manitoba Act of 1870.