Issued also in French under title: La menace posée par les générateurs de texte basés sur des modèles de langage de grande taille.

Includes bibliographical references (page 6).

The judgements in this assessment are based on the knowledge and expertise in cyber security of the Cyber Centre. Defending the Government of Canada’s information systems provides the Cyber Centre with a unique perspective to observe trends in the cyber threat environment, which also informs our assessments. The Communications Security Establishment’s (CSE) foreign intelligence mandate provides us with valuable insight into adversary behavior in cyberspace. While we must always protect classified sources and methods, we provide the reader with as much justification as possible for our judgements.